5 Pleistocene
118,000-18,000 years ago
Melancovich Cycle Maximum axis tilt was at 24.5 degrees by 92,000
years ago, well into the glacial age so by the data the ice deepened as the
earth reached the maximum axis tilt. As
we are heading for the minimum tilt, how does this affect us today? This settled into the present day pole
configuration Pole I, as to Mr. Buildreps math.
I have another date for the beginning of the glacial at 100,000
years ago, complete with rapid cooling in the North, a sea level drop and a
warm South. Can you imagine the
population death and displacement as the territories froze over? Yeow!
Did the crust crawl northward during that time as the weight of the ice
settled in? It’s entirely possible.
I need to talk about our dating systems and the possibility of
error. I believe that Carbon 14 dating
is influenced by human activity with radioactive materials and that in the
distant past, there may have been other episodes of unusual radioactivity human
caused or a hairy bolide of some radioactive kind. And C14 data only figures to 50,000 years
ago.
I’m not an expert on dating but I’ve read enough science fiction
to know that one must suspend beliefs and just seek credibility in another way. I found a source that put Stonehenge at
50,000 years old, which is possible because it would have been at the glacial
edge during the Pleistocene. I think that’s
why it was there, close to where the glacier ended, an important marker. Some scholars think Stonehenge is aligned
with other structures in Europe also.
But conventional dating has Stonehenge constructed around +5000 bp. Dating an ancient structure by pottery dug up
around it is not logical.
I’m not denigrating archaeologists who painstakingly document
layers and date them using artifacts, which is legitimate work, important
work. And the geologists who uncovered
the iridium black mat layer defining the beginning of the Younger Dryas,
finding it in the USA and Europe and finding the end of Clovis defined by the
layer were heroes. What a find! If a comet hit really caused the Younger
Dryas, should we be looking for the next one?
There are lessons here and in the myths that warn of the Destroyer, and
how it made several deadly passes at the earth before falling. Legend
coincides with scientific findings.
I just don’t think our history began as soon ago as some would
have it, mostly out of lack of data rather than clinging to dogma. We are waking up with the help of the
Internet and increased communications God what a gift to the scholar. I do believe that the current form of human
populating the Earth at the present time has documented their recent
ascendency. Now an analysis to what data
there is must go beyond those few 10,000 years quoted by scholars from the past
operating with limited data. No offense
intended.
So by the beginning of the Pleistocene, human cultures probably
ranged from hunter gatherers, to sedentary occupants farming and trading, and
possibly technological societies developing in the Southern climates, an
opportunity and a necessity for some to migrate. Did they fight over the desirable southern
territories? The ancient Sanscrit
writings of India document a war, complete with aerial warfare and bombs and how
one fled to far away Eastern territories to live to get away from the war in
his homeland. Was that Viracocha? Viracocha was the God who flew into South America
and taught the desperate locals agriculture, metallurgy, weaving and other
skills. Were these related to the
Paracas, who apparently migrated from the Middle East to India to the coast of
Peru?
That was the Pleistocene, the time of shallow southern seas, huge
mammals in North America and a time of relentless cold in the North of the
world, a time of hiding from the cold, according to the Zunis, they hid
underground to survive the cold. What
was Derinkuyu in Turkey? A fantastic
underground city complete with air and sanitation and water sources for
thousands.
I think the megaliths of South America were built in the
Pleistocene by a culture that bloomed there many thousands of years ago. The Inca claimed no knowledge of the
megaliths but they built their buildings on megalith ruins and worshipped in
megalith buildings and worshiped Viracocha who brought them culture and then
left, not a tyrant but as a teacher.
And what about Easter Island or Rapa Nui? Architecture on Rapa Nui matches that of Peru,
showing an ancient connection. The base
of the pyramid at Giza also looks like architecture found in South
America. This was a worldwide culture
based on a previous culture that crashed.
This is pure speculation, some would say.
It seems that every glacial is an admixture opportunity, as flora
and fauna migrate south, forcing spatial mingling and enriching the gene pool
in some cases, isolation produces possibly genetically inviable combinations,
weak offspring or phenotypic abnormalities.
There has been much written about Neanderthals and low gene variability,
which may have affected their adaptability, which is judged by the Mousterian
complex that lasted hundreds of thousands of years, at least according to the
information still left after the Pleistocene.
The Mousterian was what was left AFTER THE LAST ICE AGE, not necessarily
all that ever was. The timespans are
huge.
Some researchers say the Neanderthals ‘died out’ during the
Pleistocene, but the Book of Enoch says the twain met and that the lesser
numbered population would come to pervade the greater numbered population,
which has come true through repeated admixture, as the new female hybrids were
strong and their children survived and other lineages did not. This has to be disease related, that the
lesser population carried a disease that killed the other population, but
carried the preventative immune system genes necessary to fight it. The new hybrid females were superior in
survival rate to either of the founding populations, so they went forth and
multiplied. An ancient myth come
true.
According to geneticists the San in Southern Africa began a gene
exchange with the rest of Africa about 70,000 years ago, after a period of
isolation. The San have high genetic
variability in skin color and in the epicanthic eye fold. The French are closer genetically to the San
than are the Han Chinese, which makes sense.
The seacoast is an ancient trade and invasion route and early
settlements that appeared to be of African origin are reported in ancient
Britain. The click languages spoken by the
San and a few other tribes in Africa, are also found on an island off the north
coast of Australia during secret ceremonies only, while the regular language is
Austronesian, an overlay. I don’t know
why, but the possibility of sea travel from ancient Africa to all points in the
world is not considered, like what about the shallow Ice Age southern seas from
southern Africa to South America, across to the Western Pacific and India to
Arabia and overland across lush gardens watered by the looming glaciers to the
North. Travel went both ways and the
ancient civilizations spread the idea of pyramids, agriculture, husbandry and
massive constructions. The ancient
irrigation system of South Africa indicates an ancient civilization in Africa,
one that probably crossed the oceans in any direction they desired. A civilization like our own, created by those
who were our ancestors who still live within us, like the Neanderthal, but not
yet defined. Evidence suggests that the cultivation of
millet was taking place in China by 115,000 years ago. The idea of agriculture is hugely old and the
story that we once could reap grain we planted would not die, no matter what
the cataclysm.
So our direct ancestors are related to the San and these were a
wave of migration heading out over the lowering seas, meeting up with
Neanderthals and Denisovans and hybrids and other archaic sapiens like Erectus
and probably a few others we don’t know about, like the gene pool of the gods
who had a prior civilization and who still held sway during the
Pleistocene. What about the tall red
headed people who spread out over the South Seas, who rapidly died off when introduced
to European diseases, but were royalty still in ancient South America? Were these the same European lineages as
Paracas? Elongated skulls are found in
Paracas, Malta, Egypt and Caspian Sea area.
Some researchers swear that these skulls are natural elongated skulls
with a larger cubic centimeter measurement than ‘normal’ skulls. Some of these skulls have weird variations in
the skull suture pattern, having a different pattern of sutures plus a
different vessel egress system to the brain.
I thought a lot about this scientific observation and have often wished
that the Malta skulls were available for modern testing. What if these skullls were the result of
genetic engineering? What if these
people long ago learned what we are learning now about genetic engineering but
they applied it to themselves attempting to raise brain capacity and
intelligence? There is variation in
skulls, and what if this ancient culture was defined by genetic
engineering? What if these red headed
people genetically engineered for intelligence, but their heritage was weak
unless hybridized? I read the red heads
were hunted down and killed by the more numerous inhabitants, who wanted to
rule in South America. These ancient
red heads turn up in small population numbers like a restricted breeding pool,
but often in positions of power and prestige, with a documented presence in
Polynesia.
I am not ignoring the ‘Out of Africa’ idea, but I do believe that
a variety of sapiens left Africa some 70,000 years ago and that this variety
propagated and survived a Toba erection caused population bottleneck in
southeast Asia and became successful later.
I don’t doubt this, but I do not believe this migration event was
unusual but that the gene flow has been a continuum, rather than an event. Low sea levels encouraged migration in the
southern hemisphere. Migration routes
were many and several can be predicted.
Now I come to the topic of giants.
Legends persist of giants who ruled the Earth in the distant past,
giants who bred with human women who produced viable offspring, telling me that
these ‘giants’ were probably members of a technological culture who arrived
from somewhere else on the Earth to rule the natives and that the size
differential was not great enough to prevent successful births. Natural human variation ranges from two feet
tall to nine feet tall in the world today with a distribution that is actually
worldwide. Apparently, humans carry with them a wide
range of genetic possibilities concerning height. In my own family, height varies from about four
feet ten inches to six feet six inches within different branches of the same
generation. The Tutsi are considered to
be the tallest group in Africa, with an average height of about six feet. The Dutch are the tallest in Europe, with an
average of six feet one inch. So would a
population of people with an average height of five feet five think an eight
footer was a giant? Probably.
Gigantic ancient stone tools have been found, some extremely
archaic in Africa a million years old or more.
This suggests that the size variation thing is of ancient origin. I saw a fantastic exhibition of Clovis tools
at the Anthropology meet in Santa Fe.
This exhibition had huge stone tools, as well as those of conventional
size. Clovis skeletons are nonexistent,
probably because they practiced disposal of the dead in the open air by burning
or weathering, leaving little to find in the way of genetic evidence. Were the Clovis people large people? Ice
Age Humans? Recent finds in Texas dating from 16,000 bp
indicate a pre Clovis lithic technology, indicating local development of the
Clovis Culture. The Anzic Child is
another link in the evidence chain. The
Anzic Child specimen was buried with many Clovis artifacts:
“Paleogenetic
findings
A
team of researchers throughout the United States and Europe conducted paleogenetic
research on the Anzick-1 skeletal remains. They sequenced the mitochondrial DNA
(mtDNA), the full nuclear DNA, and the Y-chromosome,
and compared these sequences to those of modern populations throughout the
world.[1]
The results of these analyses allowed the researchers to make conclusions about
ancient migration patterns and the peopling of the Americas.
These
analyses revealed that the individual was closely related to Native Americans
in Central and South America, instead of being closely related to the people of
the Canadian Arctic, as had previously been thought likely. (The Inuit are
distinct from Native Americans to the south, including in lower North America
and Central and South America.) The infant was also related to persons from
Siberia and Central Asia, believed to be the ancestral population of indigenous
peoples in the Americas.”
Citation
3: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anzick-1
This
is a usual interpretation of data observed, that the specimens in Siberia most
certainly resulted from them being the parent group. Possibly Mr. Buildreps was correct when he
speculated that high civilization spread from South America to the north and
through sea travel, if YDNA Q distribution pattern is used as an indicator of
past activity.
So
which way did the gene spread take place?
From South America or to South America?
Look
at the pattern of establishment of YDNA C, which looks like it spread from Asia
to North America.
“Haplogroup
C-M217 is the only variety of Haplogroup C-M130 to be found among Native Americans,
among whom it reaches its highest frequency in Na-Dené populations.”
(Wikipedia) The Dene preceded the Aleutes by thousands of
years, evidence being found in Alaska of very early Dene occupancy, that did
not die out as conditions became worse during the glacial: they migrated south. “Two 2015 autosomal DNA
genetic studies confirmed the Siberian origins of the Natives of the Americas.
However an ancient signal of shared ancestry with Australasians (Natives of
Australia, Melanesia and the Andaman Islands) was detected among the Natives of
the Amazon region. The migration coming
out of Siberia
would have happened 23,000 years ago.[75][76][77]
(Wikipedia)
Since
the depth of the last Ice Age occurred about 22,000 years ago, it is highly
likely that sea travel over the Pacific Ocean would have brought the
Australasians cruising the world, possibly even from the Africa to South
America route, populating Amazonia with ancient tree horticulturalists and the
makers of giant waffle gardens. A prior
migration of Australasians during the Eemian or the subsequent ice age could
have exploded from colonies at this time, like the Polynesian Tlingit
connection. The Atlantic also had more
islands than now, including Atlantis Islands, and the ancient sea routes
existed then. I saw Mayan artifacts in
Mexico and it was obvious that contact with Africa had been made but the
painted figures looked nothing like the Olmec heads. An ancient Mayan legends says disease and
death comes from the East as does Hurricane. The Olmecs were earlier than the Mayans, have
their beginnings on the east coast of Mexico and were a pervasive underpinning
for later cultures. Were they part of
the Austronesian migration? Amazonia
probably was. YDNA C does not reach
Amazonia, which indicates a later disbursal or intense competition from an
existing population. The Dene are a
beautiful people who have been in the Americas far longer than some say. Were they seafaring? Or was there low seas and a coastal plain?
Figure 9: YDNA C https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_C-M217
YDNA C overlaps Clovis areas and borders Moundbuilder territories
and covers the Pueblo territories, who were raided by the Apaches and
Navajos.
It is interesting that the Mound Builders territories fit with the
Clovis artifact finds, but are apparently separated by dates. Were the Clovis regressed populations from
the Mound Builders? Or were Clovis
before the Mound Builders? Clovis
culture and toolmaking and big game hunting died out during the Younger
Dryas. Early accounts show the presence
of giants in the form of extremely tall skeletons retrieved from Mounds…this
evidence occurs often enough that I am convinced that the Mound Builder population
contained many very tall individuals, as well as shorter specimens. The Mounds are generally accepted to have
been occupied after the end of the Pleistocene but I’m not too sure about that. I think the Mound Builder civilizations, the
Hopewell and Adena, are related to the Mesoamerican civilizations but were
heavily influenced by the henge builders in Europe, who settled in eastern
North America and built dolmens and henges, some of which are still visible
today. Vikings were later visitors.
The following maps show spatial relationships among the
Moundbuilder sites, the Paleoindian Point Distribution, and the incidence of
YDNA R.
Figure 10:
Paleoindian Distribution https://feet2thefire.wordpress.com/2014/05/10/mapping-clovis-man-vs-mammoths-just-asking/
Figure 11:
Moundbuilders in Relation to Olmec
https://sbg-sword-forum.forums.net/thread/40377/most-underrated-unknown-historical-nation
The previous data is in error as to the size of
the Olmec Civilization, which had a sphere of influence through Central America
and Teotihuacan and Mata Ortiz in Mexico, easily rivaling the size of the
Moundbuilders.
The spread of YDNA R shows genetic connections
among the continents, with the obvious heavy concentrations in Western Europe
and Northern North America. Solutreans,
Phoenicians and French traders are said to be sources, but who knows. Maybe a refinement of genetic analysis will
reveal more data about this.
It looks like the R1 YDNA haplotype spread via the coasts since
the Pleistocene, having inhabited areas previously covered in ice. When did this occur? Chances are that populations of R were
already in place during the glaciation, and just expanded rapidly into new
territory. It looks like R came in
through Hudson Bay or left Hudson Bay for Europe? Hudson Bay was glaciated, but was no doubt
populated immediately after the end of the Pleistocene. The
Solutrian theory is that they came from Europe some 22,000 years ago and
assisted in the beginnings of the Clovis Culture. The appearance of YDNA R roughly coincides,
but I think that a later migration from Europe seeking metal mines may be the
source of some of the R1 in the Americas.
French traders? Phoenicians? Celts?
Vikings? They all carry R. If the Solutrians brought R, they must have
traveled by sea along the edge of the glacier, then spread out after the
melt. It’s possible. I think the dolmens and henges in North
America may predate Clovis.
Let’s take a look at the female MTDNA haplotype data to further
our understanding of the past migration influence areas. B006 is the most ancient type I found. The extreme antiquity suggests an admixture
event that produced an extremely strong female line, one that is associated
with YDNA C, according to the distribution maps. The oddity I notice is the absence of B006
in the Mojave/Chihuahuan Deserts and the Southeastern coast of South America. One thing I can say is that both of those
areas had resident ‘giants’ as evidenced by European explorers’ accounts and
skeletal remains on Catalina Islands and the really tall Mojave and Seri Native
Americans that still live there today. Amazonia may have been populated with
different groups before B006 arrived, from the early migration of the dark
skinned seafarers who probably circumnavigated and colonized the globe. B006 traveled with the Dene, but why is it
found in India, the Mohenjo Daro area?
Was it more important at an earlier time, but was subliminated by later
cultures in Eurasia while ascending in the Americas? Did it
radiate from the Northwest Coast?
MTDNA B appears on the west
coasts of North and South America, operating in conjunction of MTDNA A. Since MTDNA B does not appear north of
Kamchatka and appears way south of Vancouver Island in the chart, this is an
indicator of a different source of B in the Americas. Brian Foerster has paid to have the Paracas
long skulls DNA tested and the results came out with three MTDNA
haplotypes: B, U, and H. B is very common in China and Southeast Asia
and Polynesia. The presence of B
indicates either B was already in South America, or that the Traveling European
haplotypes U and H invited them to join them in their sojourn from the
Caucasus/Levant to the Coast of South America.
India also has traces of their passing.
Maybe the intaglios were signals of their whereabouts in case anybody
flew over.
The Ojolone Indians of North America carry MTDNA B, and the facial
tattooing among some of the coastal groups and inland in the grand deserts of
the interior resembles that of the Maori.
The Olive Oatman kidnapping and tattooing is an example of cultural
transfer and an obvious connection to ancient Polynesia. See
Olive Oatman and a young Maori woman. Mojave women were tattooed in the same
way.
Another connection to the South Seas rather than Beringia is the
custom of wearing ear plugs. I know this
is a common custom worldwide but the similarities are interesting. Vietnamese and Equadorian earplugs are
similar and it occurs to me that an ancient connection via MTDNA B shines through
along with chickens and sweet potatoes as indicators of ancient sea faring
connections all over the Pacific Rim.
MTDNA A traveled with MTDNA B.
MTDNA B is thick in South America probably as a
result of a Pacific Migration from Southeast Asia as well as prevalent in the
Aleuts and Asian Pacific Rim populations and the Polynesians.
Search for MTDNA online for maps.
”Haplogroup A2 is the most common haplogroup among
the Inuit,
Na-Dene,
and many Amerind ethnic groups of North
and Central America. Lineages belonging to haplogroup A2 also comprise the
majority of the mtDNA pool of the Inuit and their neighbors, the Chukchis,
in northeasternmost Siberia.” Citation 4: MTDNA A:
Wikipedia
MTDNA A is common in Siberia, Alaska and other parts of North
America, indicating a Beringia crossing, probably in conjunction with YDNA
C.
MTDNA D looks like she traveled with MTDNA A and YDNA C to the
promised land or did she migrate from North America to Siberia? And then in South America, MTDNA D may have
come from China, where she is very common.
Was this a later infusion of D than the Beringia D? Probably.
The Paracas migration to South America probably occurred after the
Beringia accessability ended.
The distribution of YDNA haplogroups worldwide shows the
relationships between the male and female haplogroups if you compare two
maps. Search for YDNA online for
maps. The Americas has three major
indigenous YDNA haplogroups: Q, C, and
R. YDNA Q is found in Siberia but is so
pervasive in the Americas I cannot help but wonder if there had been a die off
in the Americas that left space for YDNA Q, which is related to the YDNA R so
pervasive in Eurasia. YDNA C is very
early and probably was part of the Pacific Rim civilization I posit before the
Holocene, as he is found all around the rim and the body style matches along
with the big hair. What riches of
history have we lost?
The incidence of YDNA R in North America is not always documented
but the R in the Americas was an archaic form that either is related to Asia or
to the R in the Americas, which postdates it. When were all these ‘in place’? Never.
These are constantly shifting and only show the native Americans, not
all Americans in place now. But these
haplogroups came into existence during the Ice Age, as derived from the
survivors of the crash of the Eemian.
Which groups were in existence at the beginning of the Pleistocene? How many shadow populations do we modern
humans carry? I think we are the latest
successful pastiche and that the actual survivors of the crash of the Eemian
are within us, but no longer intact as a phenotype, rather like the
Neanderthals.
My timeline has a slew of events at about 70,000 before present,
which was about the time of some catastrophic events on the Earth, Like the
Toba Eruption, that blanketed some parts of east Africa and India with ash from
an explosion in Sumatra. Some
researchers think this eruption caused a cooling event on the Earth, ecological
destruction and reduced the number of sapiens living. I think the further away from Toba anyone
was, the better for them and that the effects became negligible far from
Sumatra. This Toba eruption was the
strongest eruption in 25,000,000 years, according to geologists.
A weird coincidence with this hairy volcanic eruption at Toba is a
flyby by Scholtz’s Star, a runaway star that passed by our solar system at
about .8 light years from the sun, inside the Oort Cloud. It is long gone now, but I can’t help but
wonder if some gravitational or magnetic thing caused Toba. It’s just odd that this thing cruised
by. What else is out there?
India was populated by sapiens by then, both before and after
Toba. How long had humans been in
India? Erectus has been in Asia for at
least 1.5 million years. MTDNA N, a macro group that spunoff MTDNA M
and R, is said to have appeared at about 70,000 years ago and the point of
origin is disputed, between India and Africa.
HAPLOGROUPS PREEMINENT DURING THE PLEISTOCENE
Present day Homo Sapiens haplogroups seem to have come into being
after the end of the Eemian and I thank a not remembered source that suggested
that if there were a population crash, the survivors would be the hunter
gatherers, the survivalists, tribes that know how to live off the land in their
areas. The majority of our present
population is incapable of ‘living off the land’. In the desert area where I live, the ‘land’
would only support a small group in hundreds of square miles, while now
millions live there on supplies brought in.
Natural water would be the determiner of large mammalian populations and
battles for control of supplies would determine ultimate survivorship. I
can’t comprehend the scope of the dieoff.
The worldwide culture of the Eemian crashed as the planet cooled
into the Pleistocene, a massive ice sheet crushing evidence to the North. The coastal plains turned into continent
sized land masses as the ocean level dropped, prompting the growth of new
civilizations in the warm lowlands of the world, while sapiens/Neanderthal
huddled in refugia further north, busted back to the stone age. Maybe some fled south to a hot
reception.
So who survived the Eemian crash, besides Neanderthals, archaic
sapiens, Denisovans, Heidelberensis, flores, erectus, (MTDNA) L0, L1, L2, L3,
L4, L5, L6? Who else? So 7/10 of the way through the Pleistocene,
those sentient variations on a theme were in existence. No wonder we have myths of gnomes and giants
and ancient civilizations. They actually
existed. I’m just trying to establish
maybe when according to climatological and genetic data. The Pleistocene produced giant mammals, why
not a very large sapiens admixture?
Erectus has a large form they may have passed on to modern humans. Denisovans may have been tall and large. Mr. Paabo, please sequence an Erectus! That man is a genius. But I digress. What if a Denisovan/Erectus hybrid built an
ancient civilization that ruled the world, but time and glaciations and
geologic change have erased most of the evidence. Were they the giants who bred with smaller humans?
Shovel shaped incisors are another clue
to our variation: “The shovel-shaped dental characteristic can also be
traced back to Homo erectus and in Neanderthals.[1]
The morphology of Neanderthal's anterior teeth has been seen as an adaptation
to the heavy use of their canines and incisors in processing and chewing food,
and the use of their teeth for activities other than feeding.[5]
(Wikipedia)
The populations that carry this
characteristic are:
“Shovel-shaped
incisors are relatively common in Central,
East and Southeast Asians;
the Eskimo
and Aleut
peoples of Northeast
Asian and North America
(including but not limited to the Inuit peoples of eastern Alaska,
arctic Canada
and Greenland); and Aboriginal
North and South Americans.[1][2][3]
In Europeans and Africans, shovel-shaped upper incisors are uncommon or not
present.[1]
In some instances, incisors can present a more pronounced version of this called
double shovel-shaped. The differences observed in tooth morphology is believed
to be partly determined by genetics.[4]
When present, shovel-shaped incisors can indicate correlation among populations
and are considered to be one of the non-metrical
traits in osteology. The characteristic could also be attributed to
hormones, duration of development, and the capacity of the maxillary dental
arch.”
Citation 5: (Wikipedia) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shovel-shaped_incisors
I know there were more than 12 forms of sapiens during the
Pleistocene….how to recognize them is the key.
The whole genome study may reveal snippits from the variations of homo
that can be extrapolated. So much more
to learn.
So if YDNA R1 is totally absent from some Americas tribes, that
could mean they were there when R1 arrived?
Cultural breeding prohibitions will not prevent gene flow and the native
American proclivity of obtaining women captive from other lineages would spread
the gene wider than it appeared to be. YDNA R is found in the To’hono’ in Southern
Arizona, who have had extensive interface with the Spanish, who carry YDNA
R.
MTDNA X is an interesting case of interactions. It could have been brought into North America
by ancient connections to Europe and the Solutrean Complex, as evidenced by a
find in the southeast USA or it could have been brought in with the Phoenician
traders who are said to have traded and mined copper during the Chalcolithic in
Europe. Or she could have accompanied
Vikings or even Knights Templars or the Celts.
Or did she come in with the French Traders?
The next map shows a more complete view of MTDNA X and the pattern
looks like it could have gone either way and probably did in a healthy gene
flow between North America and Europe.
So did an ancient North American culture influence the Mediterranean
civilizations? Or was it Viking blood
that colonized? The R1 found in Native
Americans is an old form, so possibly an older infusion overlaid with newer
ones is the probable truth.
Figure 16: MTDNA X https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_X_(mtDNA) Maulucioni
I would say that all contacts did happen as evidenced by dolmens
and other structures related to those found in Eurasia.
Figure 18: Dolmens in New
England http://historum.com/speculative-history/123064-do-you-think-builders-new-england-megaliths-migrated-europe.html
So are we looking at the remnants of an ancient empire? What ancient structures do these areas have
in common? Mounds. Henges.
Dolmens. Gobekli Tepe in Turkey
is within this sphere. So is Malta. YDNA R roughly covers the same area as MTDNA
X, in addition to much more territory in different areas. YDNA R is known for commandeering the local
women after a conquest, while killing off as many of the local males as
possible, kind of like a wolf pack.
MTDNA X traveled with YDNA R. MTDNA
X and A are offshoots of the same macrogroup.
Figure 18: Browne’s Hill
Dolmen Ireland http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/irelandbrowneshill.html
Figure 19: Dolmen France de
Boussac in Pyrenees http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/irelandbrowneshill.htm
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Taewangkorea By Taewangkorea
- Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=80956804
To be fair, dolmens are found in Korea
and India also, which is some distance from the New England and Canadian sites
for dolmens. They appear to be
concentrated in the north eastern USA, but may not be.
Next are two haplogroup trees, one for males and one for
females. I do believe that these are the
haplogroups that survived the Pleistocene and the trauma of the Younger Dryas
and lived to rule the Holocene, not the sum total of all haplogroups that ever
lived. The basis for these haplogroups
survived the fall of the Eemian and the freezing over of the North. The haplogroups that controlled the Eemian
survived the prior ice age, and so on. I
don’t think there was ever one line leading to the present day configuration of
Homo sapiens. To accurately discern
what these haplogroups signify, we need genetic information for all the archaic
hominids. It is already known which
haplogroups contain more or less Neanderthal and Denisovan genetic inheritances
and the study of skull and dental characteristics indicates relationships
also.
Figure 20: MTDNA Haplogroups https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Major_Y-DNA_and_mtDNA_Haplogroups
Figure 21: YDNA Haplogroups https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Major_Y-DNA_and_mtDNA_Haplogroups
The relationships are those
of variation, not race, not species, but just variation like the groups of dogs
that exist, or the variations in horse breeds or the variations among sheep and
goats. These are our variations, and the
population numbers of each vary widely, with some more numerous than
others.
.jpg){kind=link}